Manuel l quezon biography powerpoint fourth
Manuel L. Quezon
President of the State from 1935 to 1944
Manuel L. Quezon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Quezon in 1942 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 15 November 1935 – 1 Sedate 1944 Serving with Jose P. Laurel (1943–1944)[a] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vice President | Sergio Osmeña | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Emilio Aguinaldo Frank Murphy (as Governor-General) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 16 July 1941 – 11 December 1941 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| President | Himself | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Teófilo Sison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Jorge B.
Vargas | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acting | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 12 October 1939 – 4 November 1939 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vice Mayor | Vicente Fragante | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Position established | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Tomas Morato | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 1 December 1938 – 19 April 1939 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| President | Himself | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Sergio Osmeña | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Jorge Bocobo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Born | Manuel Luis Quezon y Molina (1878-08-19)19 August 1878 Baler, Compel to Príncipe, Nueva Écija, Captaincy Universal of the Philippines, Spanish Eastbound Indies (now Baler, Aurora, Philippines) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | 1 August 1944(1944-08-01) (aged 65) Saranac Lake, Additional York, U.S. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cause of death | Tuberculosis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Resting place | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Political party | Nacionalista (1907–1944) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spouse | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Children | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Relatives | Manuel L.
Quezon III (grandson) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Education | Colegio bet on San Juan de Letran | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alma mater | University of Santo Tomas | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Manuel Luis Quezon y Molina[b]GCGHKGCR (, , Tagalog:[maˈnwelluˈisˈkɛson], Spanish:[maˈnwelˈlwisˈkeson]; 19 August 1878 – 1 August 1944), besides known by his initials MLQ, was a Filipino lawyer, politician, soldier, and politician who was president of the Commonwealth be keen on the Philippines from 1935 imminent his death in 1944.
Let go was the first Filipino have an adverse effect on head a government of righteousness entire Philippines and is wise the second president of loftiness Philippines after Emilio Aguinaldo (1899–1901), whom Quezon defeated in righteousness 1935 presidential election. He research paper often regarded as the supreme extreme President of the Philippines, paramount the quintessential Filipino statesman.
During his presidency, Quezon tackled nobleness problem of landless peasants. Spanking major decisions included the restructuring of the islands' military action, approval of a recommendation daily government reorganization, the promotion late settlement and development in Island, dealing with the foreign iron grip on Philippine trade and work, proposals for land reform, snowball opposing graft and corruption advantageous the government.
He established dinky government in exile in probity U.S. with the outbreak faultless World War II and significance threat of Japanese invasion. Scholars have described Quezon's leadership significance a "de factodictatorship"[2] and dubious him as "the first State politician to integrate all levels of politics into a activity of power" after removing fillet term limits as president present-day turning the Senate into insinuation extension of the executive safe constitutional amendments.[3]
In 2015, the Fare of the International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation bestowed a posthumous Wallenberg Medal on Quezon and description people of the Philippines divulge reaching out to victims help the Holocaust from 1937 be in total 1941.
President Benigno Aquino Tierce and then-94-year-old Maria Zenaida Quezon-Avanceña, the daughter of the plague president, were informed of that recognition.[4]
Early life and education
Quezon was born on 19 August 1878 in Baler in the local of El Príncipe,[5] then prestige capital of Nueva Ecija (now Baler, Aurora).
His parents were Lucio Quezon y Vélez (1850–1898) and María Dolores Molina (1840–1893).[6] Both were primary-school teachers, tho' his father was a isolated sargento de Guardia Civil (sergeant of the Civil Guard).
According to historian Augusto de Viana in his timeline of Baler, Quezon's father was a Chinesemestizo who came from the Parián (a Chinatown outside Intramuros) bit Paco, Manila.
He spoke Romance in the Civil Guard paramount married María, who was deft Spanishmestiza born of Spanish churchman Jose Urbina de Esparragosa; Urbina arrived in Baler from Esparragosa de la Serena, Cáceres Land, Spain in 1847 as dignity parish priest.[7] Quezon is Asian mestizo surname originally from a-okay Spanish romanization of Hokkien Asiatic, possibly from the Hokkien signal, Chinese: 雞孫; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke-sun Single koe-sun, with Chinese: 雞; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke meaning "outer city" all of a sudden "strongest" and Chinese: 孫; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sun meaning "grandson";[8][9] many State surnames that end with “on”, “son”, and “zon” are learn Chinese origin, Hispanized version appreciate 孫 (sun).[10]
He later boarded nail the Colegio de San Juan de Letran, where he slow from secondary school in 1894.[11]
In 1899, Quezon left his collection studies at the University execute Santo Tomas to join significance Filipino war effort, and coupled the Republican army during integrity Philippine–American War.
He was place aide-de-camp to Emilio Aguinaldo.[12] Quezon became a major, and fought in the Bataan sector. Rear 1 surrendering in 1900,[13] he joint to university and passed probity bar examination in 1903.[14]
Quezon laid hold of for a time as far-out clerk and surveyor, entering reach a decision service as treasurer for Island and (later) Tayabas.
He became a municipal councilor of Lucena, and was elected governor more than a few Tayabas in 1906.[15]
Congressional career
House pointer Representatives (1907–1916)
Quezon was elected name 1907 to represent Tayabas's Ordinal district in the first Filipino Assembly (which later became greatness House of Representatives) during class 1st Philippine Legislature, where settle down was majority floor leader ahead chairman of the committees deed rules and appropriations.
Quezon spoken the U.S. House of Representatives during a 1914 discussion ferryboat the Jones Bill that unquestionable received most of his leading education at the village faculty established by the Spanish administration as part of the Philippines' free public-education system.[16] Months formerly his term ended, he gave up his seat at grandeur Philippine Assembly upon being prescribed as one of the Philippines' two resident commissioners.
Serving a handful of terms from 1909 to 1916, he lobbied for the traversal of the Philippine Autonomy Find (the Jones Law).[11]
Senate (1916–1935)
Quezon shared to Manila in 1916, ray was elected senator from primacy Fifth Senatorial District.
He was later elected Senate President instruct served continuously until 1935 (19 years), the longest tenure advance history until Senator Lorenzo Tañada's four consecutive terms (24 grow older, from 1947 to 1972). Quezon headed the first independent employment to the U.S. Congress decline 1919, and secured passage imbursement the Tydings–McDuffie Act in 1934.[17]
Rivalry with Osmeña
See also: 1922 Filipino Senate elections § Quezon-Osmeña spilt, don 1921 financial crisis of prestige Philippines
In 1921, Quezon made a-okay public campaign against House Lecturer Sergio Osmeña accusing him training being an autocratic leader extra blamed him for the Filipino National Bank's financial mess.
Both Osmeña and Quezon debated vigor this until 1922. As unadorned result, the Nationalista Party was split into two. Quezon along with resigned as Senate President mosey same year in January.[18]
In 1922, he became leader of significance Nacionalista Party alliance Partido Nacionalista-Colectivista.[17]
In 1933, both Quezon and Osmeña clashed regarding the ratification time off the Hare–Hawes–Cutting bill in say publicly Philippine Legislature.[19][20]
Administration and cabinet
Main article: List of cabinets of high-mindedness Philippines § Manuel L.
Quezon (1935–1944)
First term (1935–1941)
In 1935, Quezon won the Philippines' first national statesmanlike election under the Nacionalista Element. He received nearly 68 percentage of the vote against king two main rivals, Emilio Aguinaldo and Gregorio Aglipay. Quezon, inaugurated on November 15, 1935,[22] admiration recognized as the second Chairman of the Philippines.
In Jan 2008, however, House Representative Rodolfo Valencia (Oriental Mindoro–1st) filed spruce up bill seeking to declare Public Miguel Malvar the second Filipino President; Malvar succeeded Aguinaldo girder 1901.[23]
Supreme Court appointments
Under the Shakeup Act, Quezon was given prestige power to appoint the gain victory all-Filipino cabinet in 1935.
Steer clear of 1901 to 1935, a Indigene was chief justice but chief Supreme Court justices were Americans. Complete Filipinization was achieved become accustomed the establishment of the Federation of the Philippines in 1935. Claro M. Recto and José P. Laurel were among Quezon's first appointees to replace character American justices. Membership in influence Supreme Court increased to 11: a chief justice and shout associate justices, who sat en banc or in two divisions of five members each.
Government reorganization
To meet the demands hark back to the newly-established government and agree with the Tydings-McDuffie Act favour the Constitution, Quezon, – true reach his pledge of "more management and less politics," – initiated a reorganisation of the government.[24] He conventional a Government Survey Board contact study existing institutions and, bother light of changed circumstances, constitute necessary recommendations.[24]
Early results were natural to with the revamping of integrity executive department; offices and bureaus were merged or abolished, attend to others were created.[24] Quezon serial the transfer of the Filipino Constabulary from the Department capture the Interior to the Wing of Finance.
Other changes were made to the National Defence, Agriculture and Commerce, Public Oeuvre and Communications, and Health charge Public Welfare departments.[24]
New offices submit boards were created by assignment order or legislation.[24] Among these were the Council of Municipal Defense,[25] the Board of Genetic Relief,[26] the Mindanao and Sulu Commission, and the Civil Get together Board of Appeals.[24][27]
Social-justice program
Pledging back up improve the conditions of distinction Philippine working class and carried away by the social doctrines follow Pope Leo XIII and Vicar of christ Pius XI and treatises mass the world's leading sociologists, Quezon began a program of communal justice introduced with executive lost in thought and legislation by the Official Assembly.[24] A court for manual relations was established to liaise disputes, minimizing the impact be alarmed about strikes and lockouts.
A minimum-wage law was enacted, as famously as a law providing set eight-hour workday and a occupancy law for Filipino farmers. Decency position of public defender was created to assist the poor.[24]
Commonwealth Act No. 20 enabled Quezon to acquire large, occupied estates to re-appropriate their lots favour homes at a nominal degree and under terms affordable brush aside their residents; one example was the Buenavista estate.
He further began a cooperative system brake agriculture among owners of glory subdivided estates to increase their income.[24][28] Quezon desired to scope the constitutional mandate on primacy promotion of social justice.[24]
Economy
When description Commonwealth was created, its thriftiness was stable and promising.[24] Tackle foreign trade peaking at ₱400 million, the upward trend in work resembled a boom.
Export crops were generally good and, excluding for tobacco, were in lanky demand. The value of Filipino exports reached ₱320,896,000, the supreme extreme since 1929.[24]
Government revenue in 1936 was ₱76,675,000 (equivalent to ₱34,858,669,716 advance 2021), compared to the 1935 revenue of ₱65,000,000 (equivalent to ₱28,793,209,590 in 2021).
Government companies, excluding for the Manila Railroad Ballet company, earned profits. Gold production augmented about 37 percent, iron close to doubled, and cement production accrued by about 14 percent.[24]
The management had to address some monetary problems, however,[24] and the Tribal Economic Council was created.
Indictment advised the government about commercial and financial questions, including integrity promotion of industries, diversification sunup crops and enterprises, tariffs, excise, and formulating an economic info in preparation for eventual independence.[24] The National Development Company was reorganized by law, and ethics National Rice and Corn Lying on (NARIC) was created with nifty ₱4 million budget.[24]
Upon the recommendation resolve the National Economic Council, hick colonies were established in Koronadal, Malig, and other locations con Mindanao.
The government encouraged leaving and settlement in the colonies.[24] The Agricultural and Industrial Repository was established to aid mini farmers with convenient loans contemporary affordable terms.[29] Attention was compel to to soil surveying and position disposition of public land.[24]
Land reform
See also: Land reform in primacy Philippines
When the commonwealth government was established, Quezon implemented the Playwright Share Tenancy Act of 1933 to regulate share-tenancy contracts induce establishing minimum standards.[30][31] The daring act provided a better tenant-landlord self-importance, a 50–50 sharing of excellence crop, regulation of interest even 10 percent per agricultural epoch, and protected against arbitrary eradication by the landlord.[30] Because disrespect a major flaw in blue blood the gentry act, however, no petition give confidence apply it was ever presented.[30]
The flaw was that it could be used only when illustriousness majority of municipal councils farm animals a province petitioned for it.[30] Since landowners usually controlled much councils, no province ever on one\'s own initiative that the law be performing.
Quezon ordered that the affect be mandatory in all Middle Luzon provinces.[30] However, contracts were good for only one year; by refusing to renew their contract, landlords could eject tenants. Peasant organizations clamored in cocky for a law which would make a contract automatically renewable as long as tenants undamaged their obligations.[30] The act was amended to eliminate this pretext in 1936, but it was never carried out; by 1939, thousands of peasants in Decisive Luzon were threatened with eviction.[30] Quezon's desire to placate both landlords and tenants pleased neither.
Thousands of tenants in Inner Luzon were evicted from their farmlands by the early Decennary, and the rural conflict was more acute than ever.[30]
During prestige Commonwealth period, agrarian problems persisted.[30] This motivated the government concurrence incorporate a social-justice principle become the 1935 Constitution.
Dictated uncongenial the government's social-justice program, divestment of estates and other landholdings began. The National Land Agreement Administration (NLSA) began an tidy settlement of public agricultural belongings. At the outbreak of glory Second World War, settlement areas covering over 65,000 hectares (250 sq mi) had been established.[30]
Educational reforms
With diadem Executive Order No.
19, middle-of-the-road 19 February 1936, Quezon actualized the National Council of Schooling. Rafael Palma, former president incessantly the University of the Land, was its first chairman.[24][32] Way from the early Residence Instrument Law were devoted to sustention public schools throughout the state and opening many more.
Near were 6,511 primary schools, 1,039 intermediate schools, 133 secondary gain special schools, and five younger colleges by this time. Finalize enrollment was 1,262,353, with 28,485 teachers. The 1936 appropriation was ₱14,566,850 (equivalent to ₱6,622,510,766 in 2021).[24] Private schools taught over 97,000 students, and the Office commemorate Adult Education was created.[24]
Women's suffrage
Quezon initiated women's suffrage during class Commonwealth era.[33] As a realize of prolonged debate between proponents and opponents of women's plebiscite, the constitution provided that loftiness issue be resolved by body of men in a plebiscite.
If main least 300,000 women voted be aware the right to vote, gathering would be granted. The 1 was held on 30 Apr 1937; there were 447,725 positive votes, and 44,307 opposition votes.[33]
National language
The Philippines' national language was another constitutional question. After elegant one-year study, the Institute get through National Language recommended that Filipino be the basis for trim national language.
The proposal was well-received, despite the fact renounce director Jaime C. de Veyra was Waray, this is since Baler, Quezon's birthplace, is boss native Tagalog-speaking area.
In Dec 1937, Quezon issued a declaration approving the institute's recommendation wallet declaring that the national voice would become effective in link years.
With presidential approval, birth INL began work on marvellous Tagalog grammar text and dictionary.[33]
Visits to Japan (1937–1938)
As Imperial Embellish encroached on the Philippines, Quezon antagonized neither the American unseen the Japanese officials. He cosmopolitan twice to Japan as skipper, from 31 January to 2 February 1937 and from 29 June to 10 July 1938, to meet with government officialdom.
Quezon emphasized that he would remain loyal to the Affiliated States, assuring protection of birth rights of the Japanese who resided in the Philippines. Quezon's visits may have signalled rank Philippines' inclination to remain unaffiliated in the event of skilful Japanese-American conflict if the U.S. disregarded the country's concerns.
[34]
Council of State expansion
In 1938, Quezon expanded the Council of Disclose in Executive Order No. 144.[33][35] This highest of advisory chintzy to the president would substance composed of the President, Outfitted President, Senate President, House Demagogue, Senate President pro tempore, Demonstrate Speaker pro tempore, the best part floor leaders of both accommodation of Congress, former presidents, slab three to five prominent citizens.[33]
1938 midterm election
Main article: 1938 Filipino legislative election
The elections for position Second National Assembly were retained on 8 November 1938 out of the sun a new law which constitutional block voting[36] and favored birth governing Nacionalista Party.
As due, all 98 assembly seats went to the Nacionalistas. José Yulo, Quezon's Secretary of Justice be different 1934 to 1938, was speaker.
The Second National Group intended to pass legislation growth the economy, but the Subsequent World War clouded the horizon; laws passed by the Leading National Assembly were modified unanswered repealed to meet existing realities.[37][38] A controversial immigration law which set an annual limit footnote 50 immigrants per country,[39] essentially affecting Chinese and Japanese nationals escaping the Sino-Japanese War, was passed in 1940.
Since prestige law affected foreign relations, rolling in money required the approval of class U.S. president. When the 1939 census was published, the Special Assembly updated the apportionment be more or less legislative districts; this became high-mindedness basis for the 1941 elections.
1939 plebiscite
On 7 August 1939, the United States Congress enacted a law in accordance touch the recommendations of the Vein furrow Preparatory Commission on Philippine Assignment.
Because the new law urgent an amendment of the Thing appended to the Constitution, trim plebiscite was held on 24 August 1939. The amendment usual 1,339,453 votes in favor, sports ground 49,633 against.[33]
Third official language
Quezon locked away established the Institute of Individual Language (INL) to create fine national language for the native land.
On 30 December 1937, come by Executive Order No. 134, recognized declared Tagalog the Philippines' safe language; it was taught carry schools during the 1940–1941 legal year. The National Assembly next enacted Law No. 570, production the national language an proper language with English and Spanish; this became effective on 4 July 1946, with the completion of the Philippine Republic.[33][40]
1940 plebiscites
Main article: 1940 Philippine constitutional plebiscites
With the 1940 local elections, plebiscites were held for proposed amendments to the constitution about adroit bicameral legislature, the presidential locution (four years, with one re-election, and the establishment of modification independent Commission on Elections.
Birth amendments were overwhelmingly ratified. Spieler José Yulo and Assemblyman Dominador Tan traveled to the Affiliated States to obtain President Author D. Roosevelt's approval, which they received on 2 December 1940. Two days later, Quezon state publicly the amendments.
Quezon was in barred by the Philippine assembly from seeking re-election.
In 1940, however, a constitutional amendment was ratified which allowed him regard serve a second term immoderation in 1943. In the 1941 presidential election, Quezon was re-elected over former SenatorJuan Sumulong reach a compromise nearly 82 percent of significance vote. He was inaugurated grow December 30, 1941 at decency Malinta Tunnel in Corregidor.[41] Honourableness oath of office was administered by Chief Justice of leadership Supreme Court of the PhilippinesJosé Abad Santos.
Corregidor was not fitting as the venue of primacy inauguration and temporary seat familiar the government in-exile to embark upon refuge from the uninterrupted Nipponese bombing raids during the Asiatic invasion.[42]
Second term (1941–1944)
Pre-war activity
As crises mounted in the Pacific, prestige Philippines prepared for war.
Childhood military training under General Politico MacArthur was intensified. The chief blackout practice was held upholding the night of 10 July 1941 in Manila. First assist was taught in all schools and social clubs. Quezon historic the Civilian Emergency Administration (CEA) on 1 April 1941, go one better than branches in provinces and towns.[43] Air-raid drills were also reserved.
Jewish refugees
In cooperation with U.S. High CommissionerPaul V. McNutt, Quezon facilitated the entry into prestige Philippines of Jewish refugees refugee fascist regimes in Europe stomach took on critics who were convinced by propaganda that Human settlement was a threat be bounded by the country.[44][45][46] Quezon and McNutt proposed 30,000 refugee families picture Mindanao and 30,000-40,000 refugees opus Polillo.
Quezon made a 10-year loan to Manila's Jewish Exile Committee of land adjacent round the corner his family home in Marikina to house homeless refugees misrepresent Marikina Hall (the present-day Filipino School of Business Administration), which was dedicated on 23 Apr 1940.[47]
Government in exile
Main article: Polity in exile of the Federation of the Philippines
After the Altaic invasion of the Philippines all along World War II,[48] Quezon evacuated to Corregidor (where he was inaugurated for his second term) and then to the Visayas and Mindanao.
At the approach of the U.S. government,[49] prohibited was evacuated to Australia,[50] fairy story then to the United States. Quezon established the Commonwealth rule in exile, with its base in Washington, D.C. He was a member of the Calm War Council, signed the Merged Nations declaration against the Alignment powers and wrote The Fair to middling Fight, his autobiography.[33]
To conduct management business in exile, Quezon leased the entire floor of defer wing of the Shoreham Motor hotel to accommodate his family survive his office.
Government offices were established at the quarters living example Philippine Resident Commissioner Joaquin Elizalde, who became a member party Quezon's wartime cabinet. Other chiffonier appointees were Brigadier-General Carlos Holder. Romulo as Secretary of prestige Department of Information and Knob Relations and Jaime Hernandez in that Auditor General.[33]
Sitting under a tent canopy outside the Malinta Disable on 22 January 1942, Quezon heard a fireside chat on which President Roosevelt said mosey the Allied forces were intractable to defeat Berlin and Leadership, followed by Tokyo.
Quezon was infuriated, summoned General MacArthur gain asked him if the U.S. would support the Philippines; venture not, Quezon would return save Manila and allow himself give somebody no option but to become a prisoner of conflict. MacArthur replied that if greatness Filipinos fighting the Japanese au fait that he returned to Light brown and became a Japanese hand puppet, they would consider him adroit turncoat.[51]
Quezon then heard another radio by former president Emilio Aguinaldo urging him and his man Filipino officials to yield survive superior Japanese forces.
Quezon wrote a message to Roosevelt adage that he and his mass had been abandoned by rectitude U.S. and it was Quezon's duty as president to lie back fighting. MacArthur learned about justness message, and ordered Major Prevailing Richard Marshall to counterbalance level with with American propaganda whose end was the "glorification of Philippine loyalty and heroism".
On 2 June 1942, Quezon addressed the Collective States House of Representatives generate the necessity of relieving excellence Philippine front.
He did ethics same to the Senate, incitement the senators to adopt justness slogan "Remember Bataan". Despite sovereign declining health, Quezon traveled examination the U.S. to remind say publicly American people about the Filipino war.[33]
Wartime
Quezon broadcast a radio establish to Philippine residents in Island, who purchased ₱4 million benefit of war bonds, for fulfil first birthday celebration in honourableness United States.[33] Indicating the Filipino government's cooperation with the battle effort, he offered the U.S.
Army a Philippine infantry bring into line which was authorized by glory War Department to train bring California. Quezon had the Filipino government acquire Elizalde's yacht; renamed Bataan and crewed by Filipino officers and sailors, it was donated to the United States for use in the war.[33]
In early November 1942, Quezon given with Roosevelt on a blueprint for a joint commission show study the post-war Philippine cut.
Eighteen months later, the Pooled States Congress passed an in actuality creating the Philippine Rehabilitation Commission.[33]
Quezon-Osmeña impasse
By 1943, the Philippine reach a decision in exile was faced do faster a crisis.[33] According to prestige 1935 constitution, Quezon's term would expire on 30 December 1943 and Vice-President Sergio Osmeña would succeed him as president.
Osmeña wrote to Quezon advising him of this, and Quezon move along disintegrate a press release and wrote to Osmeña that a fight in leadership would be illadvised at that time. Osmeña verification requested the opinion of U.S. Attorney GeneralHomer Cummings, who upheld Osmeña's view as consistent accost the law.
Quezon remained intractable, and sought President Roosevelt's elect. Roosevelt remained aloof from blue blood the gentry controversy, suggesting that the Filipino officials resolve the impasse.[33]
Quezon convened a cabinet meeting with Osmeña, Resident CommissionerJoaquín Elizalde, Brigadier Public Carlos P.
Romulo and ruler cabinet secretaries, Andrés Soriano elitist Jaime Hernandez. After a debate, the cabinet supported Elizalde's offer in favor of the building, and Quezon announced his layout to retire in California.[33]
After magnanimity meeting, Osmeña approached Quezon boss broached his plan to effort the United States Congress appoint suspend the constitutional provisions be thinking of presidential succession until after depiction Philippines had been liberated; that legal way out was enthusiastic to Quezon and his office holy orders, and steps were taken admit carry out the proposal.
Adherented by Senator Tydings and Stateswoman Bell, the resolution was unopposed approved by the Senate exactly a voice vote and passed the House of Representatives stomachturning a vote of 181 border on 107 on 10 November 1943.[33] He was inaugurated for blue blood the gentry third time on November 15, 1943 in Washington, D.C.
Magnanimity oath of office was administered by US Associate JusticeFelix Frankfurter.[53]
Death and burial
Quezon had developed t.b. and spent his last majority in hospitals, including a Metropolis Beach Army hospital in Apr 1944.[54] That summer, he was at a cure cottage welloff Saranac Lake, New York.
Quezon died there at 10:05 a.m. Righthand lane on 1 August 1944, package age 65. His remains were initially buried in Arlington Municipal Cemetery, but his body was brought by former Governor-General beginning High Commissioner Frank Murphy alongside the USS Princeton and re-interred keep in check the Manila North Cemetery doctor's 17 July 1946.[55] Those were then moved to a diminutive copy of Napoleon's tomb[56] pleasing the Quezon Memorial Shrine manner Quezon City, on 1 Sedate 1979.[57]
Electoral history
Personal life
Quezon was united to his first cousin, Cockcrow Aragón Quezon, on 17 Dec 1918.
They had four children: María Aurora "Baby" Quezon (23 September 1919 – 28 Apr 1949), María Zenaida "Nini" Quezon-Avanceña (9 April 1921 – 12 July 2021), Luisa Corazón Paz "Nenita" Quezon (17 February – 14 December 1924) and Manuel L. "Nonong" Quezon, Jr. (23 June 1926 – 18 Sept 1998).[58] His grandson, Manuel Kudos.
"Manolo" Quezon III (born 30 May 1970), a writer arm former undersecretary of the Statesmanlike Communications Development and Strategic Mentation Office, was named after him.
Awards and honors
The Foreign Instantly, Medals and Decorations of Principal Manuel L. Quezon: