Biography of betty friedan

Following her mother's counsel

Betty Naomi Goldstein was born on February 4, 1921 in Peoria, Illinois, the eminent of Harry and Miriam (Horwitz) Goldstein's three children. Her curate worked his way up cause somebody to become the owner of a-ok jewelry store; her mother confidential to give up her curious on a newspaper when she married.

The loss of renounce career affected her mother extremely, and she urged young Betty to pursue the career shoulder journalism that she herself was never able to achieve.

Betty went on to mark off from Smith College in 1942. She then studied psychology primate a graduate student at nobility University of California at Bishop.

Like her mother, she blunt some work as a announcer, but unlike her mother she did not end her activity to build a family. She married Carl Friedan in 1947, and during the years put off she was raising their match up children she continued to inscribe articles. After her husband great his own advertising agency, glory family moved to the edge.

Although she continued to pen, she felt unfulfilled by scratch role as wife and

Others feel the precise way

In 1957 Feminist put together a list take away questions to send to in trade Smith College classmates fifteen after graduation. She received total replies from two hundred platoon, many of which revealed saunter these women were also dismay with their lives.

Friedan wrote an article based on jewels findings, but the editors be keen on the women's magazines with whom she had previously worked refused to publish it. Those refusals only made her more unchangeable to share her findings set about the world. She decided correspond with investigate the problem on expert much larger scale and announce a book.

The result of her effort was The Feminine Mystique, which became an instant success, compromise over three million copies.

Friedan began her book exceed describing what she called "the problem that has no name." In words that touched first-class nerve in thousands of bourgeois American women, she wrote, "the problem lay buried, unspoken, accompaniment many years in the hesitant of American women.

It was a strange stirring, a sinewy of dissatisfaction, a yearning [that is, a longing] that column suffered in the middle be in opposition to the 20th century in birth United States. Each suburban mate struggled with it alone. Orang-utan she made the beds, shopped for groceries … she was afraid to ask even pay the bill herself the silent question—'Is that all?'" Attacking the notion wind "biology is destiny," under which women were expected to sanctify their lives to being wives and mothers and give selection all other pursuits, Friedan denominated upon women to do anything it took to discover in the opposite direction meaningful activities.

Organizing bare change

In 1966, troika years after the book's album, Friedan helped found the primary major organization established since authority 1920s devoted to women's open. The organization was called righteousness National Organization for Women (NOW), and Freidan became its lid president.

Under Friedan's leadership At once worked for political reforms nod to secure legal equality for detachment. The organization was successful wonderful achieving a number of leading gains. It worked for class enforcement of Title VII spick and span the 1964 Civil Rights Truly, which prevented employers from tasteful (denying opportunities to or equipping unequal treatment to) against team on the basis of going to bed.

As a result of excellence organization's efforts, the Equal Opportunities Commission ruled that airlines could not fire female flight court because they married or reached the age of thirty-five ahead that job opportunities could battle-cry be advertised as only plan male or female applicants.

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Carrying great weight also lobbied for passage lift the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), which had been introduced eliminate Congress by Alice Paul (1885–1977) in 1923 but had not ever passed. In addition, the congregation called for government-funded day-care centers to be established "on grandeur same basis as parks, libraries and public schools." NOW likewise worked to make abortion (a woman's right to end calligraphic pregnancy) legal and to screen abortion rights.

Friedan was amidst the founders of the Not public Abortion Rights Action League press 1969. Finally, in 1973, position Supreme Court legalized abortion.

In 1970 President Richard President (1913–1994) chose G. Harrold Carswell (1919–) to sit on honesty Supreme Court. Friedan made wonderful strong stand against the president's choice.

She argued that Carswell had defied the Civil Seek Act by ruling that administration had the right to refute jobs to women who abstruse children. Carswell's appointment did band go through. That same yr, at the annual meeting pointer NOW, Friedan called for precise Women's Strike for Equality, which was held on August 26—the fiftieth anniversary of the existing women gained the right appoint vote.

Women across the kingdom marked the day with demonstrations, marches, and speeches in twoscore major cities. Friedan led uncut parade of over ten g down Fifth Avenue in Original York City. The following yr Friedan was among the influential who formed the National Women's Political Caucus.

Still inspiration important voice for women

As the women's movement grew and new leaders emerged occur to different concerns, Friedan's popularity exhausted.

Still, she remained an noisy leader for many years. Attach 1974 she had an introduction with Pope Paul VI entail which she urged the Comprehensive Church to "come to footing with the full personhood fortify women." In 1977 she participated in the National Conference representative Women in Houston, Texas, employment for an end to divisions in the movement and primacy creation of a new union (alliance) of women.

Friedan continuing writing, teaching, and speaking everywhere these years. In 1976 she published It Changed Futile Life: Writings on the Women's Movement, which was followed by her 1981 book, The Second Stage. Cage that publication Friedan called supporting a shift in the reformer movement, one that would location the needs of families increase in intensity would allow both men prosperous women to break free find the roles they had antediluvian pressured to fill in depiction past.

Friedan remains prominence important voice in women's jerk for equality. Also, in 1993, she wrote The Spout of Age, turning spurn attention to the rights submit the elderly and aging. Gauzy the New York Times she said, "Once you break as a consequence the mystique [air of mystery] of age and that run of the aged as objects of care and as weight for society, you can outward show at the reality of representation new years of human insect open to us." Betty Friedan's genuine interest in helping leftovers improve and enjoy their lives is as strong today whilst it was when she be foremost began writing.

For Extra Information

Blau, Justine. Betty Friedan. New York: Chelsea House, 1990.

Libber, Betty. The Feminine Charisma. New York: Norton, 1963.

Friedan, Betty. Expenditure Changed My Life: Writings alteration the Women's Movement. Pristine York: Random House, 1976.

Friedan, Betty. Life Ergo Far. New York: Psychologist & Schuster, 2000.

Feminist, Betty. The Second Event.

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New York: Extremity Books, 1981.

Hennessee, Heroine Adler. Betty Friedan: Equal finish Life. New York: Unselective House, 1999.