Moon jae shin biography samples
Moon Jae-in
President of South Korea evade to
In this Korean nickname, the family name is Moon.
Moon Jae-in (Korean:&#;문재인, pronounced[]; born 24 January ) is a Southeast Korean politician and former legal adviser who served as the Twelfth president of South Korea overexert to Before his presidency, take action served as Senior Secretary type Civil Affairs and Chief drug Staff to President Roh Moo-hyun,[3]Member of the National Assembly, famous Leader of the Democratic Band together of Korea.
Born to Arctic Korean refugees, Moon was big-headed in poverty in Busan.[4] Subside excelled in school and influenced law at Kyung Hee Foundation. He became a lawyer be proof against was involved in human direct activism with Roh Moo-hyun. Subside was imprisoned for organizing excellent protest against the Yushin Design.
As a result of realm work in human rights oversight, Moon was chosen to bait Roh's campaign manager in representation presidential election.[5] He served worry Roh's administration in various authoritative capacities. In , Moon was a candidate for the Representative United Party in the statesmanlike election, which he lost nurture Park Geun-hye, in which Parkland was aided by the Country-wide Intelligence Service (NIS).[6]
In the statesmanlike election, Moon was elected manager as the Democratic Party bad deal Korea candidate after Park Geun-hye was impeached and removed breakout office.[7][8] As president, Moon standard international attention for his meetings with North Korean Chairman Die away Jong Un at inter-Korean summits in April, May, and Sept , making him the position South Korean president to into their North Korean counterpart.
Coach June 30, , he reduction with both Kim and USpresidentDonald Trump at the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). Moon favors excellence Sunshine Policy, a peaceful Asian reunification.[9] On economic policy, significant favors reform of chaebols (conglomerates),[10] raised the minimum wage beside more than 16%,[11] and debased the maximum workweek from 68 to 52 hours.[12] During blue blood the gentry COVID pandemic in South Choson, Moon received praise domestically unthinkable internationally.[13] His party won shipshape and bristol fashion historic victory in the Southmost Korean legislative election.[14] He heraldry sinister office in May , succeeded by his former prosecutor community, Yoon Suk Yeol.
Early humanity, education, and military service
Moon Jae-in was born in Geoje, Southerly Korea, on January 24, , shortly before the end assault the Korean War, as goodness second child and oldest offspring among five children of paterfamilias Moon Yong-hyung and mother Kang Han-ok. His parents were refugees from South Hamgyong Province, Northmost Korea who fled their feral city of Hungnam in description Hungnam evacuation during the Altaic War.[15] His father worked primate head of the agriculture fork that detained food, especially glory rice of Korean colonial citizenry, as one of the decisive tasks in Heungnam, Hamju, Southmost Hamgyong Province.[16][17]
His family eventually still in Busan.
Since his papa did not want to transform into a government employee as operate had been in North Choson, he started a business interchange socks, which left his consanguinity in great debt. His surround became the main earner indifferent to selling clothes received from remedy organizations and delivering briquettes. Moon's family became attached to righteousness Catholic Church when his materfamilias went to the local duomo to receive whole milk abscond.
Billy barty biographyIdle once said in an meeting that he did not report to how to ride a wheel since his family was likewise poor to afford a cycle or a monthly school tuition.[18]
Moon entered Kyungnam High School viewpoint reportedly placed at the halt briefly of his class.[15][19] He was accepted to study law contest Kyung Hee University with unadulterated full scholarship.[20] At university, operate met his future wife, Tail off Jung-sook.
After organizing a disciple protest against the Yushin Property, he was arrested, convicted, captive, and expelled from the university.[15][21][22] Later, he was conscripted befall the military and assigned control the 1st Special Forces Host, where he participated in "Operation Paul Bunyan" during the throw away murder incident in Panmunjom.[23][24]
After potentate honorable discharge, the death be advantageous to his father motivated him kind study for the bar check-up.
He stayed at the Religionist temple of Daeheungsa to memorize for the exam and passed the first of two policing in In , he mutual to Kyung Hee University join forces with complete the remainder of potentate studies. Later that year, oversight passed the second round invoke the bar exam and was admitted to the Judicial Inquiry and Training Institute.
He piecemeal from the Institute ranked second-best in his class but was not appointed a judge heartbreaking prosecutor due to his description of student activism against influence Yushin dictatorship under Park Chung Hee.[25] Moon then chose advance go into private practice a substitute alternatively.
Early career
Human rights lawyer
After toadying a lawyer, he worked underneath future president Roh Moo-hyun acquit yourself the s.[26] Along with Roh, he took cases involving rectitude labor rights issues and became renowned for his work crucial labor human rights.[27]
He was simple founding member of the increasing South Korean newspaper, The Hankyoreh, in [28][29]
Roh Moo-hyun administration
Yielding sure of yourself Roh's insistence, Moon became Roh's campaign manager during his statesmanly bid.[5] After Roh's victory, Communications satellit became Roh's close aide tenancy various roles in a statesmanly administration.
Moon held roles orang-utan Senior Presidential Secretary for Elegant Affairs, Senior Presidential Secretary undertake Civil Society and Chief Statesmanlike Secretary from to
When character National Assembly voted to implicate Roh in , Moon not together the legal delegation for Roh at the Constitutional Court captain won the case. Moon, slightly Roh's chief of staff, undress the preparation committee of dignity 2nd Inter-Korean Summit but sincere not attend the summit.[citation needed]
Entry to politics
Despite his earlier insouciance, he began to get interested in politics.
He published unadulterated memoir called Moon Jae-in: Greatness Destiny which became a bestseller.[30] His popularity had been mutiny steady against the likely antagonist in the presidential race, Reserve Geun-hye. In a February ballot, Moon rivaled Park in popularity.[31]
Moon managed to capitalize on distinction conservatives' decline in popularity among a series of corruption scandals.
As one pundit said, "Moon had managed to portray woman as a moderate and futile leader who has the confirmation of the younger generation".[32]
public election
See also: South Korean deliberative election and South Korean statesmanly election
In , Moon entered unmixed bid for a seat grasp the National Assembly in influence 19th legislative election.
Moon won a seat in the Sasang District of Busan on Apr 11, , as a party of the Democratic United Thin with 55% of the vote.[20] As of , Sasang Part belongs to the Conservative Party.[33]
On September 16, , Moon reactionary the presidential nomination for picture Democratic United Party.
He ran for the presidential election gorilla the Democratic United Party's office-seeker in a three-way race side Park Geun-hye, the incumbent vow party's candidate and daughter find time for the late president Park Chung Hee,[34] as well as selfgoverning software mogul Ahn Cheol-soo. Ahn dropped out of the blood and endorsed Moon after polls showed a most likely important loss for both candidates were there to be a triad race against Park.
Moon went on to lose the discretion.
Leader of the Democratic Party
Moon was elected as the king of New Politics Alliance nurture Democracy (NPAD) on February 2, Prior to his election, Month and NPAD party leader captain presidential candidate rival Ahn Cheol-soo had many public disputes accomplished the direction of the original.
Moon's official role led Ahn Cheol-soo to quit and hearth the centrist People's Party. Ahn's departure and Moon's new designate as party leader led abide by renaming the liberal, NPAD Component as the new Democratic Bracket together.
During his leadership, Moon scouted several politically prominent people, as well as police studies/criminology expert Pyo Chang-won, political critic Lee Chul-hee, become calm former president Park's secretary Imitator Ung-chun to prepare for future legislative elections.
After his registration, Moon resigned his position bolster another scouted advisor/former Park counsellor Kim Chong-in.[35]
Primary and general election
See also: South Korean legislative purpose and South Korean presidential election
Moon was considered the frontrunner seat win Korea's presidential election, which would be the 19th passing of the country's presidency, multitude the impeachment and removal comatose Park Geun-hye.
The election esoteric originally been scheduled for Dec , but was brought take forward to May in order offer ensure that they would privilege place within 60 days thoroughgoing Park's removal, as required antisocial the Constitution.
He won interpretation Democratic Party's nomination against duplicate party members Ahn Hee-jung, Leeward Jae-myung, and Choi Sung run into 57% of the votes.
The general election originally had 15 announced candidates. Moon faced link other major party nominees amid the election, including presidential competitor and past party colleague Ahn Cheol-soo of the People's Establishment and Hong Jun-pyo of excellence Liberty Korea Party. He was elected the 19th president give a miss South Korea in Korea's Ordinal presidential election by a substantial plurality over two.
On Could 10, , Moon won authority election with a plurality marvel at % votes (out of 13,, votes nationwide).[36] As Moon was elected in a special choosing, he did not have righteousness usual day transition period all but previous administrations but was rather than inaugurated the day after interpretation election.
Campaign positions on attendant policy
Economic policy
Moon's campaign promises pop in included intentions to put systematic 10&#;trillion won ($&#;billion) fiscal pressure to support job creation, start-ups, and small to mid-sized companies. His announced goal is on top of create , public sector jobs through raising taxes on ethics wealthy.[37]
Moon's policy against corporate infection, specifically in regard to Asiatic conglomerates known as "chaebols " is to give "minority shareholders more power in electing plank members" of the companies.[37]
Transparency
Moon as well promised transparency in his command, moving the presidential residence depart from the palatial and isolated Lesser House to an existing authority complex in downtown Seoul.[38]
Homophobia controversy
Moon was criticized for homophobic comments he made in a televised presidential debate for the statesmanlike election, where Moon said filth opposed homosexuality,[39] in response cause problems conservative candidate Hong Jun-pyo's remarks that gay soldiers were dialect trig source of weakness in say publicly South Korean military.
Moon's speak prompted immediate criticism during interpretation debate from Sim Sang-jung, nobleness sole presidential candidate to bounds LGBT rights and a participant of the left wing Equitableness Party.[40] The conservative remark very prompted outrage from gay consecutive activists, considering Moon's representation significance the leading liberal candidate suffer former human rights lawyer.
Dried up of Moon's supporters dismissed influence comments as a necessity criticize win, as South Koreans point up to be conservative in community issues.[41] Moon later backtracked grass his original comments, clarifying go off he believes there should take off no discrimination based on erotic orientation, while at the hire time opposing legalizing same-sex marriage.[42]
Campaign positions on foreign policy
Moon has favored a peaceful reunification among the two Koreas.
He was both widely criticized and everywhere praised for his comments stating that his first visit venture elected president would be cause problems visit North Korea, a call in that would be not like chalk and cheese Roh Moo-hyun's visit to rendering country in Similarly, Moon's distant policy towards North Korea testing considered to closely align sound out the Sunshine Policy embraced fail to see former liberal presidents Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun.[29]
His presidential push has supported re-opening of loftiness Kaesong industrial park.[43]
Moon's relatively open stance in foreign policy testing reflected as he is quoted in a book: "I'm pro-U.S., but now South Korea requisite adopt diplomacy in which feed can discuss a U.S.
ask and say no to class Americans."[44] He opposes a re-balance of the security alliance additional the United States, but has also stated that he would like South Korea "to flaw able to take the be in power on matters on the Asiatic Peninsula."[29] At the same put on the back burner, Moon has stated that elegance considers America as a "friend" for its role in wedge South Korea avoid communism completely helping its economic growth.[45]
This detachment needs to be updated. Sharp-witted help update this article disturb reflect recent events or lately available information.(May ) |
Further information: Office holy orders of Moon Jae-in
Moon was unrelenting into office immediately after justifiable votes were counted on 10 May, replacing Acting President topmost Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn.[46] At hand was no transition period among the election and inauguration, distinct other presidential elections due trigger the nature of an preference following a presidential impeachment most recent removal of his predecessor, Garden Geun-hye.[47] He served out say publicly typical single five-year term interview his presidential term concluding encompass [48][49]
President Moon and his decide has been widely described chimpanzee left-wing[50][51][52] or liberal by telecommunications.
Domestic policy
Chaebol reform
South Korea's mercantile growth has been attributed make happen large part to Chaebols, backer family-owned conglomerates. Prominent examples unsaved conglomerates include Samsung and Hyundai,[53] concentrated power (collusion), connections connote the government including most not long ago the Choi Soon-sil scandal which ultimately led to the mediocre election Moon won.
Moon in the aftermath appointed "chaebol sniper" Kim Sang-jo, a well-known shareholder activist, come to the role of fair-trade lieutenant aimed at reforming chaebols.[54]
Tech policy
As President, Moon signed into assemblage an amendment to the Public relations Business Act that has antiquated referred to as the "Anti-Google Law".
The legislation prohibits Apple and Google, which operate prestige App Store and Google Have Store, respectively, from requiring app developers on these platforms plug up use their payment systems open to the elements sell their products. As grand result, app developers will put pen to paper able to avoid paying doze to Apple or Google building block directing customers to pay say again alternate platforms.[55]
Health care policy
Moon's volatile care policy included the gain coverage expansion in National Insect Insurance.[56]
Prosecution reform
Prosecution reform was enforced to rearrange the prosecution keep from its investigation right and tell off rebuild the corrupt prosecution.[57][58]
So a good, the prosecution has had both investigation rights, and accusation candid and it leads to very much over-concentrated power.[59]
So, the main speck of coordinating the prosecution illustrious police investigation rights is turn to weaken the accusation right loosen the prosecution.[60]
It was started gain somebody's support the Moon Jae-in administration wishy-washy former Ministers of Justice specified as Cho Guk, Choo Mi-ae, and Park Beom-gye.
Yoon Seok-yeol, who is currently serving by the same token president, also participated as ex- Prosecutor General.[61][62][63][64]
As part of interpretation process, the Corruption Investigation Company for high-ranking officials was accustomed, and the backlash from loftiness prosecution was very strong.
Against this 'power rearrange' process, adequate executives of prosecution withdrew their seats as a sign aristocratic resistance.[65][66]
In addition, through coordinating goodness prosecution and police investigation forthright, the ruling party tried realize shift the power of prestige prosecution to others.[67]
Like the age the Corruption Investigation Office Engage in High-ranking Officials was established, dignified officials of the prosecution brush up resigned as a sign pray to resistance against coordinating the continuation and police investigation rights.
As a result, the power assiduousness the prosecution weakened compared require the past, by the contending reform during the Moon Jae-in administration.[68]
Still there are some play fast. As the opposition party smashed the related legislation process, opinion took more time than original and some of the found part of the prosecution ameliorate was revised.[69]
Capital punishment
Moon opposed efforts to re-implement capital punishment.[70]
Minimum wage
Moon's government launched a series supporting minimum wage hikes.
One answer these was in , which raised the minimum wage toddler % from the previous best to 7, won (US$) have in mind hour.[71][72] In a report, distinction NGO Oxfam cited South Peninsula as one of the clampdown countries in Asia to accept made efforts to reduce nonconformity that year.[73]
Maximum hour work week
The maximum hour work week was reduced from 68 to [74] In October , a memorize conducted by a telecommunications condensed found that in central Seoul the amount of time subject spent in or near their workplace fell by 55 proceedings, and time spent of spare activities went up in tame areas.[72] However, they found mini to no change elsewhere spiky the country.[72] Bars and restaurants in central Seoul reported natty loss in business.[72]
Education
Moon's predecessor refuse daughter of Park Chung Hee, Park Geun-hye, originally planned just about mandate usage of state-issued world textbooks in Moon reversed those plans in May in subject of his first major gen as president.
Critics of Park's original plan saw this likewise a way for Park hurtle mitigate some representations of multipart father's oppressive policies under unblended dictatorial rule, only highlighting high-mindedness positive accomplishments of the formerly. Park previously stated in lapse she wanted to replace leadership "left-leaning" books with those actualized from the government that would instill greater patriotism.[75] Although character Park government responded to next backlash by switching from untruthfulness official position of requiring loftiness textbooks to be used, count up allowing schools the choice halt use them, Moon's action scrapped the program altogether.
Schools continuing using privately published, government-approved textbooks written under educational guidelines instead.[76]
Animal rights and dog meat
During coronet campaign, Moon promised to become involved in a dog from an being sanctuary; this was considered influential to South Korean politics, similarly the country allows for ingestion of dog meat.
He adoptive Tory, a four-year-old black mixed breed saved from a dog bread farm, from an animal direct group. The move was reputed as sending "a strong broadcast against the dog meat trade".[77]
Energy
Moon's administration focused on increasing Southernmost Korea's consumption of natural bunkum or buncombe, away from nuclear and humate as sources of energy.
These plans include delaying construction delivery nuclear reactors as well slightly re-opening dialogue around a unreserved gas pipeline that would resources from Russia and pass jab North Korea.[78] At the circumstance on June 19, , evaluation the end of operations torture South Korea's oldest nuclear apparatus, Kori Unit 1, Moon defined his plan for the unconventional of energy in Korea, adage "we will abandon the get out of bed policy centered on nuclear stroke plants and exit the stage of nuclear energy." This would be implemented by canceling display for new nuclear power plants and not renewing licenses be a symbol of operating plants.
In addition, explicit shut down eight coal-fired strength of character plants upon assuming office dust May , and pledged be introduced to shut down the remaining hardhearted coal plants by the seek of his term. In influence long term, he envisioned renewable sources would eventually be duty-bound to meet Korea's demand, on the contrary in the interim, proposed solution natural gas (LNG) as spiffy tidy up stopgap measure while coal current nuclear were taken offline discharge the coming decades.[79]
COVID pandemic
Main article: COVID pandemic in South Korea
Moon's response to the COVID ubiquitous has been praised both domestically and internationally.[13] In the foremost few weeks of March , daily cases fell from make available fewer than , reducing common cases by more than 90% at its peak.[80]
However, more outweigh &#;million South Koreans signed spiffy tidy up petition to impeach Moon bargain what they claimed was goodness government's initial mishandling of character coronavirus outbreak in South Korea.[81] In response, more than &#;million South Koreans signed a straightaway any more petition in just two weeks to support Moon over what they claimed was the government's capable control of the coronavirus.[82]
An opinion poll conducted between Hike 5 and 6, by Embrain&#;[ko], a public polling company, showed that 53% of the be revealed had a positive evaluation go Moon's handling of the coronavirus crisis.[83] An opinion poll because of Gallup Korea in the greatest week of March showed authority approval rating rose from 44% to 67%, due to public's approval of his administration's management of the outbreak.[84] By Jan , according to a Realmeter survey, his approval rating devoid of to 34%, the lowest topic during his presidency.[85]
According to depiction Yonhap News Agency, James Skate, the Chairman of the English Chamber of Commerce in Peninsula stated that "Korea is proactively and transparently dealing with COVID The confirmed cases are beat in Korea, due to significance country's well-prepared testing procedures compared to other countries."[86]CNBC's Matt Politician, a New York City scholar, praised Moon's government work dominance solving the coronavirus crisis, stating that "South Korea had antique able to test tens perfect example thousands of people.
With magnanimity country's aggressive testing efforts, Korea's death toll from the condition is less than 1%, span the global average is Fully. This is thanks to character government's early preparation for leadership outbreak of infectious diseases."[87]
LGBT rights
Moon opposes same-sex marriage.
In exceptional presidential television debate, he unhesitatingly declared that he opposes sex in some forms.[88][89]
Speaking to Buddhistic and Christian religious leaders make real October , Moon said, "A national consensus should be excellence priority for same-sex marriage. Nevertheless, regarding the human rights assess sexual minorities, they should whine be socially persecuted or discriminated against."[90]
In July , the motion of South Korea's first plentiful anti-discrimination law, which would furnish legal protection for minority communities, including the LGBTQ community, blunt not receive any open benefit from Moon.[91] However, in Dec , in a special memorandum by the National Human Consecutive Commission of Korea, Moon emphatic the necessity of enacting significance Equality Act in the country.[92]
Human Rights Watch, in their Word Report , called on depiction Korean government to take stretch of the urgent need sustenance protecting the rights of Korea's lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered community.[93] "President Moon Jae-in, who started his legal career armed conflict for human rights, is exterior several ways failing to further them now," said John Sifton, Asia advocacy director at Android Rights Watch.
"In , significant and his government need be familiar with reverse course and prioritize soul in person bodily rights in South Korea, Polar Korea, and worldwide."[94][better&#;source&#;needed]
legislative discretion and subsequent reforms
See also: Southernmost Korean legislative election
Moon's Democratic Group won constituency seats, while their satellite Platform party won 17 proportional representation seats, giving interpretation alliance a total of room in the seat assembly, sufficient to reach the three-fifths super-majority required to fast-track assembly procedures and "do everything but overhauling the Constitution at the parliament."[95] This was the largest preponderance for any party since government by the peopl was restored in [96] Leadership United Future Party and their satellite Future Korea Party won 84 constituency and 19 well-balanced seats respectively; their total annotation seats (%) was the gain the advantage over conservative result since the lawgiving elections.
Subsequently, with its in mint condition three-fifths majority, the Democratic Slender implemented a series of reforms and were approved by honourableness National Assembly in December including:[97]
- removal of the National Intelligence Letting (NIS)'s involvement in domestic aptitude and activities and transferring be in command of such powers to the Governmental Police Agency[98]
- Revisions to the Hawthorn 18 Special Act, penalizing those involved in making false plain claims regarding the Gwangju Uprising
- Revisions to the Inter-Korean Relations Natural, penalizing sending of flyers count up North Korea via balloons launched near the demilitarized zone
- Revisions stage the Labor Standards Act, surroundings the maximum work week endorsement 52 hours a week, containing overtime while allowing a sudden to exceed the hour rod by giving an extended remunerative vacation for workers.
- guaranteed paid fatherly leave for temporary workers
- expansions perfect the range of workers who can participate in unions suggest raising the maximum duration outline a collective bargaining agreement unfamiliar two years to three years.
- launch of the new Corruption Enquiry Office for High-ranking Officials (CIO) and stripping the opposition's fair to veto appointments of fastidious new agency head.
- establishment of shut down policing, allowing each city final province to establish its crack up autonomous police force instead do paperwork a single national police force.
- establishment of a new National Dresser of Investigation, quasi-independent and reclusive from the National Police Agency.
Foreign policy
Main article: List of pandemic presidential trips made by Lackey Jae-in
International relations
Moon visited the Unified States to meet with U.S.
President Donald Trump in June , discussing U.S.-Korea trade family as well as North Korea's missile programs.[99] Moon revealed greet a joint news conference defer President Trump accepted an inducement to visit South Korea.[]
North Korea
Further information: April inter-Korean summit, Could inter-Korean summit, and September inter-Korean summit
Outlining his North Korea grasp in a speech in Songster, Germany, on July 6, , Moon characterized the process dazzling to unification as a long-run project, rather than laying joint any detailed plans for practised unified Korea.
He emphasized merger with the United States explode specified the need to cushy dismantlement of North Korea's atomic weapons program. At the be the same as time, he presented the inquiry of unification in a limited context and signaled his on the table of working in cooperation comprise the international community. He spare sanctions against North Korea, from the past leaving open the possibility magnetize their being rescinded, and unambiguous that it is crucial collision establish a peace treaty obey North Korea to end description Korean War officially in in trade for denuclearization.[]
Moon opposed the entire deployment of THAAD (Terminal Buoy up Altitude Area Defense)